1. As early as 1680 Huygens, Huygens, a Dutch physicist, proposed to use gunpowder for providing motive power based on atmospheric principle”. The first person to experiment with an internal-combustion engine.
2. In 1688 Papin Papin (a student of Huygens) described the engine to the Royal Society of London, and conducted further experiments but failed, leading to build one of the first steam engines.
3. In 1860 the first engine to come into general use was built by Lenoir Lenoir, a French engineer, running at atmospheric pressure with η= 5 %.
4. In 1862 Alphonse Beau de Alphonse Beau de Rochas Rochas, a French scientist, patented a fourstroke cycle (only the idea) but did not build a four-stroke engine.
5. In 1866 Otto and Otto and Langen Langen built an atmospheric or free atmospheric or free-piston engine piston engine with η=11 %.
6. In 1876 the Otto Otto silent engine using the four-stroke cycle was patented and produced, known as the “Otto cycle Engine” with η=14 %.
7. In 1877, Robson Robson patented the two two-stroke cycle stroke cycle with under-piston scavenge. In 1878 Clerk Clerk patented the two two-stroke cycle stroke cycle with a separate pumping or scavenging cylinder.
8. In 1885 Gottlieb Daimler Gottlieb Daimler invented what is often recognized as the prototype of the modern gas engine - with a vertical cylinder, and with gasoline injected gasoline injected through a carburetor through a carburetor (patented in 1887). Daimler first built a two two-wheeled wheeled vehicle vehicle the "Reitwagen" (Riding Carriage) with this engine and a year later (1886) built the world's first four first four-wheeled motor vehicle wheeled motor vehicle.
9. In 1886, Karl Benz Karl Benz received the first patent (DRP No. 37435) for a gasoline gasoline fueled car fueled car.
10. Diesel Diesel’s concept of compressing air compressing air to such an extent that the fuel would spontaneously ignite spontaneously ignite after injection was published in 1890, patented in 1892 and achieved in 1893.
11. In 1957, Felix Felix Wankel Wankel built the rotary internal combustion engine rotary internal combustion engine with high speed and good power output.
(zz from lecture of Advance Internal Combustion Engine, written by Prof. Shuai)
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