明明是一个日本的新闻，用大段英语解读很模糊。
30年前日本出现一种说法，所谓 双重构造模式:
日本人祖先是两个集团: 绳文人、弥生人。
弥生人是绳文人与东亚大陆后来的渡来集团生成的混血。
弥生时代之后是日本的古坟时代，200后期-600年代前期。
石川县金泽市发现了3具500年代的古坟人遗骸。
研究小组分析了9具 7000BC 绳文人、5具弥生人、
3具500年代古坟时代人的DNA。
根据遗传信息从父母传给子女时产生的细微差异痕迹，
调查了哪个群体在遗传上比较接近。结果是：
1. 弥生人具有中国东北部辽河流域等东北亚地区常见的遗传特征，
确认了30年前绳文人与东亚大陆渡来集团混血成弥生人的结论。
2. 从古坟人DNA中发现了绳文人弥生人都没有的遗传特征，
这些遗传特征却与现代东亚人的遗传特征基本一致。
研究小组认为，汉民族集团在古坟时代陆续东渡日本，
带来了织物、土木等新技术。
首次说明日本人祖先包括绳文、弥生、古坟人三个集团。
由于只分析了3具古坟人，
需要广泛调查其他弥生人、古坟人的基因组，才能下结论。
【 在 zszqzzzf (炼狱天使——反者道之动) 的大作中提到: 】
: 标 题: 最新考古发现： 现代日本人主要起源于汉族
: 发信站: 水木社区 (Sun Sep 19 12:28:37 2021), 站内
:
: 【 以下文字转载自 NewExpress 讨论区 】
: 发信人: jfs2 (aix7), 信区: NewExpress
: 标 题: 最新考古发现： 现代日本人主要起源于汉族
: 发信站: 水木社区 (Sun Sep 19 09:51:37 2021), 站内
:
:
https://news.yahoo.com/study-rewrites-understanding-modern-japans-180858811.: html
:
: 最近日本研究人员公布了日本人起源的惊人发现。早先日本的研究人员认为日本人主要
: 是起源于绳文人和弥生人。其中绳文问人在15000年前登陆日本，弥生人在2600年前登
: 陆日本。
:
: 但最新的考古发掘颠覆了以前的判断。绳文人和弥生人在现代日本人的起源中只贡献了
: 13% 和 16%。而来自中国的汉人却贡献了71%。更让人惊讶的是汉人在四世纪(1500年前
: )才登陆日本列岛。这个颠覆性的发现证明了现代日本人主要起源于汉族。
:
: By Will Dunham
:
: (Reuters) - An analysis of ancient DNA is transforming the understanding of the genetic ancestry of Japan's modern-day population, identifying a crucial contribution from people who arrived about 1,700 years ago and helped revolutionize Japanese culture.
:
: Research published on Friday showed that the people of Japan bear genetic signatures from three ancient populations rather than just two as previously thought - a more complex ancestry for the archipelago nation of roughly 125 million.
:
: The researchers analyzed genetic information from 17 ancient Japanese people - DNA extracted from the bones of 12 specifically for this study and five done previously - and compared it to genomic data for modern Japanese people.
:
: Previously documented genetic contributions were confirmed from two ancient groups. The first was Japan's indigenous culture of hunter-gatherers dating to roughly 15,000 years ago, the start of what is called the Jomon period. The second was a population of Northeast Asian origins who arrived at about 900 BC, bringing wet-rice farming during the subsequent Yayoi period.
:
: Modern Japanese possess approximately 13% and 16% genetic ancestry from those two groups, respectively, the researchers determined.
:
: But 71% of their ancestry was found to come from a third ancient population with East Asian origins that arrived at roughly 300 AD to launch what is called the Kofun period, bringing various cultural advances and developing centralized leadership. These migrants appear to have had ancestry mainly resembling the Han people who make up most of China's population.
:
: "We are very excited about our findings on the tripartite structure of Japanese populations. This finding is significant in terms of rewriting the origins of modern Japanese by taking advantage of the power of ancient genomics," said geneticist Shigeki Nakagome of Trinity College Dublin in Ireland, co-leader of the study published in the journal Science Advances.
:
: The research demonstrates the ability of ancient DNA to uncover new ancestral components that could not be seen using modern genetic data, added study co-leader Daniel Bradley, also of Trinity College Dublin.
:
: The study showed that people from Japan's ancient foraging, agrarian and state-formation cultural phases each provided a significant contribution to the ancestry of today's Japanese population, Nakagome said.
:
: The oldest of the skeletons from which DNA was extracted was a female dating to around 9,000 years ago from a Jomon period site in Ehime Prefecture, while the most recent were three skeletons from about 1,500 years ago from a Kofun period site in Ishikawa Prefecture, according to geneticist and study co-leader Takashi Gakuhari of Kanazawa University in Japan.
:
: The Kofun period is named after the large earthen tombs built for members of the new ruling class at a time of the importation of technology and culture from China by way of the Korean peninsula.
:
: "Chinese characters started to be used in this period, such as Chinese characters inscribed on metal implements, for example swords," Nakagome said.
:
: Insularity was a byproduct of Japan's island geography, surrounded by oceans that made migration in ancient times difficult. The first people to reach Japan arrived more than 30,000 years ago at a time of lower sea levels when there may have been a land bridge to the Asian mainland.
:
: The researchers also said the genetics of Japan's population have remained largely stable since the Kofun period, which lasted from around 300-700 AD.
:
: (Reporting by Will Dunham in Washington, Editing by Rosalba O'Brien)
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