没试过。
既然你提出了，我试了一个简单的例子。
tic;a=rand(10000,10000);b=rand(10000,1);c=a\b;toc

matlab耗时7s以内，octave大概9.5.按说不都是用MKL么？这么看来，效率上确实有差距，但还可以接受，怕的是逻辑复杂的情况下差距会更大。
除了simulink工具箱和 @shaolimin 提到的GUI外，syms 在我这里也不能运行。按照要求安装symbolic工具箱后，安装python和python包sympy，运行
syms  x  y

出了一堆错误提示。

Symbolic pkg v2.9.0: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 28, in <module>
AttributeError: '_PrintFunction' object has no attribute '__globals__'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "<stdin>", line 12, in octoutput_drv
  File "<stdin>", line 54, in octoutput
  File "<stdin>", line 55, in octoutput
AttributeError: module 'sympy' has no attribute 'compatibility'
Closing the Python communications link.

error: Python exception: AttributeError: '_PrintFunction' object has no attribute '__globals__'
    occurred in python_header import block.
    Try "sympref reset" and repeat your command?
    (consider filing an issue at https://github.com/cbm755/octsympy/issues)
error: called from
    pycall_sympy__ at line 191 column 5
    valid_sym_assumptions at line 38 column 10
    assumptions at line 82 column 7
    syms at line 97 column 13

【 在 omomo 的大作中提到: 】
: 运算速度怎么样，我记得以前的octave没有matlab 快
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