网帖翻译
科学家们发现，与不吃加工肉制品的人相比，每周食用150克以上加工肉的人，患心血管疾病的风险要高出46%，死亡风险要高出51%
2021-04-13骑着毛驴到处走 14431 0
正文翻译

A global study led by Hamilton scientists has found a lix between eating processed meat and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. The same study did not find the same lix with unprocessed red meat or poultry.
The information comes from the diets and health outcomes of 134,297 people from 21 countries spanning five continents, who were tracked by researchers for data on meat consumption and cardiovascular illnesses.
After following the participants for almost a decade, the researchers found consumption of 150 grams or more of processed meat a week was associated with a 46 per cent higher risk of cardiovascular disease and a 51 per cent higher risk of death than those who ate no processed meat.However, the researchers also found moderate levels of consumption of non-processed meats had a neutral effect on health.

一项全球研究发现显示，食用加工肉类可能导致更高的心血管疾病风险。同一项研究没有发现未经加工的红肉或禽肉会导致类似风险。
这些研究信息来自来自五大洲21个国家134297人的饮食和健康结果，研究人员跟踪研究了他们的肉类消费和心血管疾病数据。
在对参与者进行了近十年的跟踪调查后，研究人员发现，与不吃加工肉的人相比，每周食用150克或更多加工肉的人，患心血管疾病的风险高了46%，死亡的风险高了51%。
研究人员也发现，适度食用未加工的肉类对健康没什么负面影响。
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评论翻译
DisparateDan
Does the study define what 'processed meat' is? I mean, I assume it's sausage, bacon, salami etc and not my rare steak...

这项研究是否定义了什么是“加工肉”？我猜加工肉指的是香肠、培根、意大利腊肠等，而不是我的半熟牛排……0
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SuperFightingRobit
There are two kinds of people who give up unhealthy meat: people seeking to become very healthy and active and people who are already pretty sick trying to stave off the consequences of their unhealthy lifestyles.
Obviously it's hard to do these kinds of studies, but the data is never going to be great.

有两种人会放弃不健康的肉类：一种是希望过健康生活的人，另一种是已经病得很重的人，他们不想让不健康的生活方式加重病情。
显然，做这类研究很难，数据永远不会完美。0
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onemassive
Well, part of having that level of detail probably has to with the specific type of processed food and how it is processed. Lunch meats often have lots of added sodium and nitites. I would imagine fast food has lots of added preservatives and other stuff to guarantee short term safety.

嗯，这可能与特定类型的加工食品以及它的加工方式有关。午餐肉通常添加了大量的亚硝酸盐。我想快餐中添加了很多防腐剂和其他物质来保证短期的保质期安全。0
NoCokJstDanglnUretra
So the issue isn’t fast food, it’s preservatives?

所以问题不是快餐，而是防腐剂？0
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Discomobobulated
One theory is that fast food and processed foods are often higher in salt than homecooked meals and lack nutrients .

一种理论认为，快餐和加工食品的含盐量往往比自家烹调的饭菜高，而且缺乏营养。0
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Xavchik
Chicken nuggets can include not just the chicken meat itself but also the skin, with several types of flour, starches and oils. That makes nuggets higher in calories and about half the protein compared to an equal portion of plain cooked skinless chicken.Mar 3, 2006

炸鸡块不仅包括鸡肉本身，还可以包括鸡皮，以及面粉、淀粉和油。这使得鸡块的卡路里和蛋白质比同等份量的普通煮熟的去皮鸡肉更高。0
rain5151
Are there any cured meats out there that ACTUALLY don’t use nitrates?

有不添加硝酸盐的腌肉吗?0
crusoe
Nitrates and nitrate are used to prevent the growth of botulism in products made from chopped meat such as dry sausages because the spores get incorporated deep inside where they can grow. While acid and salt do also play a role in preventing growth of botulism bacteria the conditions need to be perfect all the time. Nitrates are a safety margin.
Bulk dried cured meats do not use nitrates as
1) they can't penetrate, and 2) the botulism spores remain on the surface and don't propagate much so no appreciable amounts of toxin are ever produced and processing ( such as scraping the skin off dry ham before cooking ) removes it anyways.

硝酸盐被用来防止肉毒杆菌在切碎的肉制品(如干香肠)中生长。虽然酸和盐也能在一定程度上防止肉毒杆菌生长，但环境条件必须始终保持完美。而亚硝酸盐则保证了食品安全。
当然，一整块干腌肉可以不使用硝酸盐，因为：
1)肉毒杆菌孢子无法渗透干腌肉内部，2)肉毒杆菌孢子只能停留在表面，不会大量繁殖，因此很容易处理毒素(比如在烹饪前把干火腿的皮刮掉)。0
stuartgm
My understanding is that there is an increased risk associated with consuming all red meat.
I’m no expert but my approach based on this information was to reduce my intake not remove red meat from my diet entirely.

我认为，食用加工还是未加工过的红肉都会增加患病风险。
但我的方法是减少我的红肉摄入量，而不是完全从我的饮食中去除红肉。0
crusoe
Red meat intake is still associated with bowel cancer l

红肉仍然与肠癌有关系0
Pipupipupi
Income is the biggest factor for health

收入是影响健康的最大因素0
Tubulski
I never got the trend why people want get old enough to see their bodies crumble

我一直不明白为什么人们想一直活到自己身体机能彻底崩溃才满足。0
eyflfla
I don't want to die. I suspect this will still be true in a couple decades.

我不想死。我认为几十年后我仍然会这样想。0
Tubulski
Their bodies will crumble nonetheless ... With modern Medizin and a healthy lifestyle (and no chronic diseases) you can easily get over 90 years old...
But your cardiovascular system just isn't made to last that long... And you need to hope that your kidney function doesn't sink too low. And your risk to die due to complications after a fall....
All this ignores the fact that your brain will slowly deteriorate and that your mental state could worsen at any point ...
Or the fact that you see everyone around you slowly die ...

即使你能活的很长，但你的身体最终还是会崩溃……有了现代药物和健康的生活方式(假设你没有患上慢性病)，你很容易活过90岁……
但你的心血管系统一直在衰老。你不得不希望你的肾功能不会降得太低。不会跌倒后因各种并发症而死亡...
你的大脑也会慢慢退化，你的精神状态可能会在某一时刻突然恶化。
在此之前，你会看到周围的人一个个慢慢死去……0
jonny24eh
Is live without cured meats worth living?

没有腌熏肉的生活还值得吗?0
Imaginary-Unit-3267
I'm a vegan. Yes it is.

我是素食主义者。是的,值得。0
DrRiAdGeOrN
~8 grams of slice per bacon, or 18-19 slices a week.
geez that's sad.....

每片培根约8克，每周最多只能吃18-19片培根。
天啊，真让人感到悲伤……0
Imaginary-Unit-3267
Maybe just don't eat meat. It's the flesh of murdered tortured animals. You're a sicko if you do. But if you stop eating meat - and also eggs and milk, because those also come from tortured murdered animals - you'll not only be less likely to die young, but you'll also have moral superiority like vegans such as myself do. :)

也许你可以试试不吃肉。这些肉都来自被谋杀折磨的动物。想想这些，你吃肉时不觉得恶心吗。但如果你不再吃肉，也不再吃鸡蛋和牛奶——因为它们同样来自被折磨致死的动物。
那么你不仅能活的更久，而且还会像我这样的素食主义者一样拥有道德优越感。0
kellzone
I can't believe you people kill helpless, llving plants that can't even move to defend themselves.

我真不敢相信你们这些素食者会杀死那些无助的，活生生的植物。那些植物甚至不能反抗你们的捕食。0
censrude
heart disease, (the number one cause of death in the United States) is dietary. Cholesterol, which causes plaque in arteries and leads to heart attack and stroke doesn’t come from plants, it comes from animal products.

心血管疾病(美国的头号死因)与饮食有关。胆固醇会引起动脉硬块并导致心脏病和中风，
致病风险不是蔬菜，而是肉制品。0
ThePalmIsle81
I suspect this is mostly because a high percentage of processed meat is packed full of calories and saturated fat. Obese people consume a lot of it, just look at what people are putting in their carts and ordering at restaurants.

我怀疑主要是因为加工肉类含有高比例的卡路里和饱和脂肪。越是肥胖的人越会消耗很多加工肉类，只要看看人们在他们的购物车和餐馆点什么就知道了。0
judge_au
So if I stop eating processed meat there is a 50% I won't die?

所以如果我停止食用加工肉类，我就有50%的几率不会死?0
highspurrow
Anecdote time! A close family friend was diagnosed with intestinal cancer and had most of their gi tract axed out of their body. She gave up all cured pork products after the surgery and lived healthily for about 7 years until she decided the hell with it, and bought a pound of bacon. Two months later she was dead from the cancer coming back. I still eat bacon and pepperoni so I guess I didn't learn a thing.

说个身边事!家里人的一位朋友被诊断出患有肠癌，并被切除了大部分胃肠道。手术后，她放弃了所有的腌熏肉，健康地生活了大约7年，直到她实在馋的受不了，大着胆子买了一磅培根。两个月后，她死于癌症复发。
我听说了这件事，但我依然在吃熏肉和意大利辣香肠，所以我想我没有从中学到什么教训。
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