【 以下文字转载自 Graduate 讨论区 】
发信人: haodong (郝董水木代言人), 信区: Graduate
标  题: 安利，一只凶残狡猾无比的洋老鼠!
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Sat Aug 23 10:57:34 2003), 站内

发信人: haodong (郝董水木代言人), 信区: THUExpress
标  题: 安利，一只凶残狡猾无比的洋老鼠!
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Sat Aug 23 10:57:28 2003), 转信

发信人: sunq (乞丐), 信区: Laws
标  题: 安利，一只凶残狡猾无比的洋老鼠！（转载）
发信站: 一塌糊涂 BBS (Mon Aug 18 10:06:56 2003), 本站(ytht.net)

安利传销内幕--希望大家善待自己
在上海安利总部，熙熙攘攘的人群涌动，人们仿佛又发现了一条发财的捷径。尽管安利
的工作人员一再强调，"我们的事业需要勤奋的劳动"，人们似乎也满不在乎，趋之若鹜
。大把大把的钞票，安利的货箱，尤其是攒动的人头，充满期待的目光，让我们不得不
想起当年上海股票市场疯狂抢购的情景。
　　
　　不止在上海，在广州，成都，南京，甚至是比较偏远的贵阳，这样的场景都在每天
上演。曾几何时，国人对于一个"需付出大量辛勤劳动"，"决不可能一夜爆发"的"一个普
通事业机会"，竟然会如此热衷？难道偌大的中国,竟然没有别的"辛勤劳动"的机会了吗
？安利，到底有什么魔力？
　　
　　安利在中国曾经臭名昭著。在九十年度中后期，由于有大量的社会问题，如下岗工
人受骗等，政府不得不要求安利停止经营，并彻底整顿了全国甚嚣其上的各种形形色色
的"老鼠会" 。然而，安利卷土重来了。并且以"新"的面貌出现在我们面前，并吸收前面
的教训，更加具有欺骗性。这不仅让我们想起了"三打白骨精"中白骨精的种种变化。
　　
　　
　　二：点石成金的秘密：安利营销人员的收入来自那里
　　
　　在安利销售的产品中，有家居护理系列、个人护理系列等，其中包括一般的护肤品
、化妆品、洗涤品、美发产品和最新推出的营养保健食品。安利的产品形形色色，但都
有一个共同的特点，那就是：价格贵得惊人。据笔者将安利产品价格与市场同类产品，
如宝洁以及其他品牌相比较，安利产品的定价平均高出60%。
　　
　　
　　如此昂贵的产品，当然应该是面向高档消费者了。奇怪的是，购买安利产品的大多
数是一般的工薪阶层，甚至是下岗工人。那么，这些普通市民，倾其所有购买安利产品
，要成为安利的营销代表，图的是什么呢？
　　
　　答案不难从安利公司所发的"安利（中国）营销人员制度修订本(2001年7月)"中得出
。安利营业代表每销售一件产品可获该产品定价的20%（税前），作为"顾客服务报酬"。
另外，从扣除20%后的净营业额中，营业代表还可以得到3%-21%不等的佣金比例。根据安
利在该手册中自己举的例子，如果营业代表陈先生每月营业额为4000元的话，其收入将
达920元，占营业额的23%。如果该营业代表的营业额达到87500元，那么他的总收入可以
达到32200元（20%的毛利收入17500元+21%的佣金14700元）。在这种情况下，营业代表
的收入高达其营业额的36.8 ％。（而一般直销公司直销人员所得的收入一般不超过销售
额的10%。）
　　
　　从这里我们可以看到，安利营销人员的收入不是从天上掉下来的，而是来自于购买
者所支付的超高价。如果安利的定价是合理的话，支付营业代表这么高昂的佣金以后，
恐怕安利早就不存在了。
　　
　　三：安利是一般的"老鼠会"吗？
　　
　　安利声称自己不是"老鼠会"，当然，没有"老鼠会"会说自己是"老鼠会"的。安利在
重返中国大陆后，为了获得政府的批准和蒙蔽大众的视线，号称自己是"以店铺销售配合
营销代表直销"的方式经营。安利目前也在全国28个省十自治区开设了58家店铺（截止2
001年11 月）。开了安利店铺，就证明安利与其他的日用品厂商一样吗？答案显然是否
定的。安利一再向其营销人员强调，切勿在未开设安利店铺的城市举办销售培训会。可
见，店铺不过是安利身上的遮羞布。只要你到任何一家安利店铺去看一看，来安利店铺
的，都是安利的工作人员和营销代表。安利店铺不过是一个安利储存发货的据点而已。
真正的销售是通过人传人而实现的。
　　
　　安利声称自己不是"老鼠会"，并且信誓旦旦的说，营销人员的收入来自于其自身的
销售，而非来自于其下线。如果一个营销人员不好好的向客户推销其产品，而只是发展
下线的话，是不会有什么收益的。事实真是这样的吗？不。根据安利公司的介绍，安利
公司对于其营业主任、经理有一个"市场开拓经费"，即该主任或经理培训辅导的营业代
表们的销售总额的 9%。安利声称自己是把每月销售的净营业额的21%拨作"市场开拓经费
"，事实上这些钱从哪里来是一目了然的。也就是说，如果你加入安利的时间足够长，"
培训辅导"的营业代表足够多，你就可以得到高额的"市场开拓经费"。下面我们举一个例
子：
　　
　　如果某营业主任所"培训辅导"的营业代表们总的销售净额达到70000元，"市场开拓
经费" 将达14700元。如果其中每一个营业代表的销售额都在4200元以下的话，这些营业
代表们总共可以获得2100元的"市场开拓费"。而这个营业主任不需销售任何安利产品，
就可以获得12 600元。安利"老鼠会"的本质暴露无疑。我们可以看到，在安利的字典里
，"培训辅导"就是拉下线，营业代表是刚入门的"小老鼠"，而营业主任、经理就是"大老
鼠"，而那些具有"钻石""双钻石"之类级别的高级营业经理就可以称得上是"硕鼠"了。安
利自己提供的资料，在1999/2000年度，安利的营业主任平均的年收入为72000元人民币
，高级营业主任平均年收入为14万人民币，而营业经理平均年收入为33万人民币，高级
营业经理平均年收入为79万元人民币。这些人难道是通过推销安利的产品挣到这些佣金
的吗？当然不可能。从上面的分析我们可以看到，"硕鼠"们真正的收入是来自于"下线"
。而最下层是那些刚刚接触安利，不惜血本，倾其所有，购买一大堆安利产品，向亲朋
好友磨破嘴皮，渴望有一天能达到"硕鼠"们的收入水平的广大市民。
　　
　　安利不是一般的"老鼠会"，而是一只极度狡猾，极度凶残的"洋老鼠"。
　　
　　四：关于安利的骗局与真相
　　
　　骗局：安利销售的是实实在在的产品
　　真相：不错，安利的确销售的是产品。然而，问题的关键在于产品的价格。比方说
，我把一个价值100元的真东西以200元的价格卖给你。尽管产品没有任何问题，但也是
属于欺骗。安利的佣金如此之高（可达销售额的40％），正证明了其产品的超高价。尽
管安利通过各种方法，如提供洗发浓缩液等，来使得其价格跟市场上其他产品不容易比
较。但只要稍加留意的话，还是可以发现其价格比同比产品贵出很多。如安利丽齿健含
氟牙膏（产品编号：36833）定价为42.50元，而市场同类产品一般为5元以下，最贵的也
不过十来元。
　　
　　骗局：安利的产品都是明码标价，不存在欺骗的问题。
　　真相：这个问题紧接上一个。有人或许会问，既然安利的产品这么贵，为什么还会
有人买呢？答案在于上节中所写的安利销售人员的高额利润。也就是说，大家不是不知
道安利的东西贵，但买安利的产品是为了投资，而不是消费。买安利产品的人是希望自
己能在以后找到" 下线"，从而获取高额利润。这就象买股票一样，如果你所买入的股票
能在以后以更高的价格卖出，那么现在的买价是否高于股票的价值就无所谓了。
　　
　　骗局：安利从不要求营业代表预先付款，售出的产品还可以有退货保障，是讲信誉
的。
　　真相：是的。由于上面所述安利精心策划的骗局和人们的贪心与短视，安利并不用
担心大家退货，除非你不想发财。
　　
　　骗局：安利为很多下岗工人及其他人员提供了就业机会。
　　真相：少数下岗工人也许真的可能成为幸运者，但他们的成功是建立在千千万万个
上当受骗者的基础上的。况且，大多数人的"辛勤劳动"只是养活了"金字塔"顶端的一小
撮人，并没有给广大消费者带来益处，反而使自己陷入了无限贪求金钱的牢笼之中，无
法自拔。真可谓"一将功成万骨枯"。
　　
　　骗局：安利为中国经济发展作出了贡献。
　　真相：中国近代的鸦片贩子或许能让许多人赚钱，带动烟管等等"产业"的发展，但
这并不意着鸦片就为中国的经济作出了贡献。如出一辙，安利在中国的投资，向政府交
纳的税收，销售人员的高额收入，统统都是来自于中国广大老百姓的血汗钱，而且只是
一小部分。安利对于中国经济无疑是一颗"毒瘤"，没有任何正面作用。唯一的作用是助
长了一部分人的贪婪欲望。
　　
　　骗局：安利在世界很多地方都有经营，怎么偏偏在中国不行?
　　真相：安利骗局的核心在于其产品的超高价和销售人员金字塔形的结构，而在其他
的国家，有可能有所不同。比如说，安利在其他国家产品的售价，可能会比较低，接近
于市场同类产品。这样它就不能对销售人员颁发高额奖金（否则它就会破产）。在这样
的情况下，也就不成其为骗局。如果安利在其他国家与在中国一样，也是保持产品的超
高价和销售人员金字塔形的结构，那无疑也是地地道道的"老鼠会"。如何"灭鼠"，就要
当地所在国政府操心了。事实上，中国市场是安利所吹嘘的增长最快速的市场，从这里
我们也不难窥出一点端倪，安利的策略是，哪里好骗就到哪里去赶快骗，哪里不好骗就
暂时收敛一点。这只"大老鼠" 真是修炼成精了。
　　
　　
　　五：金字塔下的白骨：救救我们的同胞！！！救救下岗工人！！！
　　
　　"羊毛出在羊身上"，撑起安利"金字塔"上端爆富神话的，是底层的满目白骨。尽管
如果他们运气好，敢于拉自己的亲人朋友下水的话，有一天他们也可能实现自己的致富
梦。"金字塔"修得更高了，下面的白骨也将会更多。只要安利继续存在下去，只要人们
追求爆富的心态继续下去，这个金字塔"还将继续的增长下去。
　　
　　与所有的"老鼠会"一样，安利的利润来自于欺骗和掠夺，来自于对人们贪婪心理的
利用。这样的金字塔迟早是要倒掉的。它就象一颗"毒瘤"，如果晚割去一天，对我们身
体的损害就将越大。当安利金字塔倒塌的那一天，不知将出现多少破产的家庭，流离的
孤儿，衰败的景象，为此，我们强烈要求中国政府尽早对安利进行全面整顿，由物价局
出面要求安利提供其生产产品的成本资料，彻底揭开其超高价之迷；查封安利一切生产
工厂及资金，避免其将资金转移到国外，并对于一些受害者给予补偿。
A
资料来源：www.ourmarket.com
A
A
另外，我到美国安利公司的网站上下载了下面这篇文章，是Direct Selling Education
Foundation写的，目的是揭示金字塔（pyramid scheme）也就是传销模式的危害，之所
以要在www.amway.com上发布，一方面是给消费以提醒，同时规范公司的行为。
Pyramid Schemes: Not What They Seem!
DON'T MAKE A COSTLY MISTAKE!
Thousands of Americans have lost millions of dollars participating in pyrami
d schemes. Many of the victims knew they were gambling (although they didn't
know the odds were rigged against them). Many others, however, thought they
were paying for help in starting a small business of their own. These peopl
e were fooled by pyramid schemes disguised to look like legitimate businesse
s. The purpose of this pamphlet is to help you avoid falling victim to pyram
id schemes, whether simple or disguised. Simple pyramid schemes are similar
to chain letters, while disguised pyramids are like wolves in sheep's clothi
ng, hiding their true nature in order to fool potential investors and evade
law enforcers.
WHAT IS A PYRAMID SCHEME?
Pyramid schemes are illegal scams in which large numbers of people at the bo
ttom of the pyramid pay money to a few people at the top. Each new participa
nt pays for the chance to advance to the top and profit from payments of oth
ers who might join later. A typical pyramid looks like this:
To join, you might have to pay anywhere from a small investment to thousands
of dollars. In this example, $1,000 buys a position in one of the boxes on
the bottom level. $500 of your money goes to the person in the box directly
above you, and the other $500 goes to the person at the top of the pyramid,
the promoter. If all the boxes on the chart fill up with participants, the p
romoter will collect $16,000, and you and the others on the bottom level wil
l each be $1,000 poorer. When the promoter has been paid off, his box is rem
oved and the second level becomes the top or payoff level. Only then do the
two people on the second level begin to profit. To pay off these two, 32 emp
ty boxes are added at the bottom, and the search for new participants contin
ues.
Each time a level rises to the top, a new level must be added to the bottom,
each one twice as large as the one before. If enough new participants join,
you and the other 15 players in your level may make it to the top. However,
in order for you to collect your payoffs, 512 people would have to be recru
ited, half of them losing $1,000 each.
Of course, the pyramid may collapse long before you reach the top. In order
for everyone in a pyramid scheme to profit, there would have to be a never-e
nding supply of new participants.
In reality, however, the supply of participants is limited, and each new lev
el of participants has less chance of recruiting others and a greater chance
of losing money.
THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT PYRAMID SCHEMES
1. They are losers. Pyramiding is based on simple mathematics: Many losers p
ay a few winners.
2. They are fraudulent. Participants in a pyramid scheme are, consciously or
unconsciously, deceiving those they recruit. Few would pay to join if the d
iminishing odds were explained to them.
3. They are illegal. There is a real risk that a pyramid operation will be c
losed down by the officials and the participants subject to fines and possib
le arrest.
WHY WOULD ANYONE PAY TO JOIN A PYRAMID SCHEME?
Pyramid promoters are masters of group psychology. At recruiting meetings th
ey create a frenzied, enthusiastic atmosphere where group pressure and promi
ses of easy money play upon people's greed and fear of missing a good deal.
Thoughtful consideration and questioning are discouraged. It is difficult to
resist this kind of appeal unless you recognize that the scheme is rigged a
gainst you.
DISGUISED PYRAMID - WOLF IN SHEEP'S CLOTHING
Some pyramid promoters try to make their schemes look like multi-level marke
ting methods. Multi-level marketing is a lawful and legitimate business meth
od which uses a network of independent distributors to sell consumer product
s.
To look like a multi-level marketing company, a pyramid scheme takes on a li
ne of products and claims to be in the business of selling them to consumers
. However, little or no effort is made to actually market the products. Inst
ead, money is made in typical pyramid fashion, from recruiting. New distribu
tors are pushed to purchase large and costly amounts of inventory when they
sign up.
For example, you might have to purchase $1,000 of nearly worthless products
in order to become a "distributor." The person who recruited you receives $5
00 (a fifty percent commission) and $500 goes to the top (the company, in th
is case). Notice the similarity to the simple pyramid scheme diagrammed earl
ier.
Most disguised pyramids, however, are not this easy to unmask. Pyramid schem
es often choose products which are cheap to produce but which have no establ
ished market value, such as new miracle products, exotic cures, etc. This ma
kes it difficult to tell whether there is a real consumer market for the pro
ducts. The best way to avoid a disguised pyramid fraud is to know what to lo
ok for in a legitimate income opportunity.
MULTI-LEVEL MARKETING - LEGITIMATE INCOME OPPORTUNITIES
Multi-level marketing is a popular way of retailing in which consumer produc
ts are sold, not in stores by sales clerks, but by independent businessmen a
nd women (distributors), usually in customers' homes. As a distributor you c
an set your own hours and earn money by selling consumer products supplied b
y an established company.
In a multi-level structure you can also build and manage your own salesforce
by recruiting, motivating, supplying and training others to sell those prod
ucts. Your compensation then includes a percentage of the sales of your enti
re sales group as well as earnings on your own sales to retail customers. Th
is opportunity has made multi-level marketing an attractive way of starting
a business with comparatively little money.
HOW TO TELL THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A LEGITIMATE BUSINESS AND A DISGUISED PYR
AMID SCHEME
Pyramid schemes seek to make money from you (and quickly). Multi- level mark
eting companies seek to make money with you as you build your business (and
theirs) selling consumer products. Before you sign up with a company, invest
igate carefully. A good way to begin is to ask yourself these three question
s:
1. How much are you required to pay to become a distributor?
2. Will the company buy back unsold inventory?
3. Are the company's products sold to consumers?
1. Start Up Cost? IF THE COST IS SUBSTANTIAL, BE CAREFUL! The start- up fee
in multi-level companies is generally small (usually for a sales kit sold at
or below company cost). These companies want to make it easy and inexpensiv
e for you to start selling.
Pyramid schemes, on the other hand, make nearly all of their profit on signi
ng up new recruits. Therefore, the cost to become a distributor is usually h
igh.
CAUTION: PYRAMIDS OFTEN DISGUISE ENTRY FEES AS PART OF THE PRICE CHARGED FOR
REQUIRED PURCHASES OF TRAINING, COMPUTER SERVICES, PRODUCT INVENTORY, etc.
These purchases may not even be expensive or "required," but there will be c
onsiderable pressure to "take full advantage of the opportunity."
2. Buy Back of Inventory? IF YOU COULD BE STUCK WITH UNSOLD INVENTORY, BEWAR
E! Legitimate companies which require inventory purchases will usually "buy
back" unsold products if you decide to quit the business. Some state laws re
quire buy-backs for at least 90% of your original cost.
3. Sales to Consumers? IF THE ANSWER IS NO (OR NOT MANY), STAY AWAY! This is
a key element. Multi-level marketing (like other methods of retailing) depe
nds on selling to consumers and establishing a market. This requires quality
products, competitively priced. Pyramid schemes, on the other hand, are not
concerned with sales to end users of the product. Profits are made on volum
e sales to new recruits, who buy the products, not because they are useful o
r attractively priced, but because they must buy them to participate. Invent
ory purchases should never be more than you can realistically expect to sell
.
HOW TO PROTECT YOURSELF FROM A BAD INVESTMENT
1. Take your time. Don't let anyone rush you. A good opportunity to build a
business in a multi-level structure will not disappear overnight. People who
say "get in on the ground floor" are implying that people joining later wil
l be left out in the cold. BEWARE!
2. Ask questions:
·  About the company and its officers.
·  About the products - their cost, fair market value, source of supply, an
d potential market in your area.
·  About the start up fee (including required purchases). About the company
's guaranteed buy-back of required purchases.
·  About the average earnings of active distributors.
3. Get written copies of all available company literature.
4. Consult with others who have had experience with the company and its prod
ucts. Check to see if the products are actually being sold to consumers.
5. Investigate and verify all information. Do not assume that official looki
ng documents are either accurate or complete.
WHERE TO GO FOR HELP
For help in evaluating a company, contact the Direct Selling Association, yo
ur local Better Business Bureau, your local district attorney or your state
attorney general. If you suspect that a company may be an illegal pyramid, c
ontact your state and local law enforcement offices and the Federal Trade Co
mmission.
MORE HELP!
If you are thinking about paying for help in starting your own business, dis
guised pyramid schemes are not the only danger. For help in spotting and avo
iding business opportunity frauds, send a self- addressed, stamped envelope
to any organization listed below for a free copy of DSEF's Promises-Check 'E
m Out or the FTC's "Franchise and Business Opportunities."
This pamphlet was published by the Direct Selling Education Foundation, a Wa
shington, DC not-for-profit public educational organization. It is tax-exemp
t and contributions to it are tax- deductible. The objective of the Foundati
on is to serve the public interest with education, information and research,
thereby encouraging greater public awareness and acceptance of direct selli
ng in the marketplace. The Foundation funds consumer and academic conference
s; supports speakers, research and case studies for university marketing pro
fessors; develops and distributes consumer information literature and audiov
isual materials; and maintains a library in Washington, DC.
Direct Selling Education Foundation 1666 K Street, NW, Suite 1010 Washington
, DC 20006      Direct Selling Association1666 K Street, NW, Suite
1010Washingto
n, DC 20006(202) 293-5760
(202) 293-5760
For a free copy of this brochure, please send a self addressed stamped envel
ope to Direct Selling Education Foundation at the above address.
This brochure was originally published in cooperation with the National Dist
rict Attorneys Association's Economic Crime Project. It has been prepared in
cooperation with the Federal Trade Commission, Washington, DC 20580.
Copyright 1991 Direct Selling Education Foundation, quotes and reprints perm
itted with attribution.
From: http://www.amway.com/INFOCENTER/i-mediAAA.asp
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FROM 166.111.154.196