看完了P.B.
终于做了个了结 突然想起来了MC那个病
抓狂
ref1:
《Biological basis for creativity linked to mental illness》
October 1, 2003 - Creative people more open to stimuli from environment Psychologists from U of T and Harvard University have identified one of the biological bases of creativity
ref2:
http://www.nidsci.org/pdf/carson-peterson-higgins.pdf
ref3:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent_inhibition
有些人天生就对环境刺激特别敏感,并比普通人容易在更短的时间内接收并处理更多更综合的信息。如果这种能力出现在低智商的人身上,那么这个人就可能得精神病;但如果这种能力出现在高智商的人身上,那么这个人就会是天才,并有着极高的创造力。
潜在抑制症是一种心理疾病。通常人会把对自己没有直接作用的事物封闭在思考范围之外,而潜在抑制症患者会深度分解思考。比如,当患者看到一条路的时候,会迅速深度想到该条路通向什么方向,或者铺路时的情景。由于潜在抑制症会引发患者的一系列幻想,想象内容的纵深程度非常之大,低于平均智商或年纪偏小的患者因为无法承受这种想象程度,而引发精神分裂,但平均智商以上或成年人患者则可以控制想象内容的纵深程度,而会成为一个极富创造性的人,几近于天才。潜在抑制症患者由于想象内容的庞大,以及不断的扩张,而关心所有细小的事情,从邻居的生活,到世界政局的变化;从药品的化学结构,到建筑的结构。这会让体质差一些的患者引发精神衰弱等疾病。
一种非常复杂的精神疾病和心理疾病(低水平意识潜忘能力)多伦多和哈佛大学的心理学家确认创新能力的生物学基础之一。研究表明善于创造的人大脑更能接受外部环境的刺激。另外一些人的的大脑就屏蔽了同样的信息刺激 ―这一过程被称为“latent(潜在,潜意识的) inhibition(压抑)―被定义为与动物无意识下的一种能力,为了忽略与自己当前需求无关的刺激。通过心理学测试,似有迹象表明我们的艺术家很可能具有一种低水平的潜意识压抑(仅仅针对外部环境刺激,可能就是所谓的:低危抑郁症).
“富有创造力的个体长期处在环境信息流的刺激中,普通人来说将事务归类以后,就很快忘记它,尽管事务本身可能是复杂而且有趣的。但是富有创造力的人则相反,他们将它放到新的可能性中。”科学家把精神联系到缺少筛选出的刺激。新的研究表明这种缺失(failure)也同样有益于内源的思考,尤其是当与高智商联系在一起的时候......创造能力与精神疾病
严格说来Low Latent Inhibition算是抑郁症的一种,但不是主要的、平时大多人都知道三大抑郁症之中的。科学、医学学术上的不断研究和规范才有了这个特殊的分类,得这种抑郁症比中彩票的几率还要低很多很多,所以还是值得庆幸的。
1、遗传基因上可能对它有一定隐发要素,结合成长环境影响造就了这种罕见的几率! 往往他会给患者带来很多诱发病症,最长见的就是自闭症、复杂性思考疾病、多重人格等等,看患者本身成长和环境因素等等而定。
在幼儿时期不善与人交流,往往人们眼中的老实巴交,沉迷于自己的世界。积木、绘画等创造性的游戏是他们最爱的,往往有点天赋。对于幼儿时期来说,他们不喜欢与同龄人一起玩耍,更多愿意的是花上一天的时间摆弄几块简单的积木!认为只有自己是真实存在的,其它一切都是虚假的画面,包括亲人、动物、事物、一切的一切都是围绕真实自己虚拟存在的(培养了以后的内心自我封闭,不让任何人或事物轻易进入)
儿童时期,表现上和大众无出入,但是自我内心封闭非常严重!内心开始矛盾,一些变化让他们不断思考却找不到答案。这种情况会让他们感觉相当愤怒,完全自我贬低存在价值。自我错误意识到自己变的非常愚笨(矛盾心理的培养,不断心理自我谴责贬低,思想上有了严重负担)
步入青年时期,出现明显差别,眼中的一切事物都和常人不同,物体的外貌形象不是他们眼中真正看到的,不喜欢表现真实的自我,多面化。在别人眼中的自己,对自己的认识等等,都是他们想表达给别人的,创造出来的虚假,多个假面中的一个(开始轻微精神分裂,多重人格)
青年时期,完全以自我为中心,分析能力较强,所以会常常觉得别人幼稚!但不喜欢表达,只关心自己关心的事物,沉迷自己的思考,一个图钉或一条蚯蚓会给他们带来成千上万的问题!但是自我意识、思维创造能力、空间组合能力极度膨胀,在生理和精神上又带来了巨大负担!唯一的好处就是不容易受外界影响,轻易改变自己,常人说的不易学坏(发展了一种错误的意识路线,思维上彻底和正常人分裂出来)
成年时期,典型的大男人主义,思想传统,内心充满矛盾,多面化,极度以自我为中心,已经有轻微精神分裂征兆。自己的内心的一切都是不为人知的,父母都可能不知道他们的真正内心世界,别人是完全没有办法知道他们脑袋中的东西。
2、眼中的不同表现为:比如平常人观察一只蚂蚁会看见什么颜色,几只脚,在爬动等一系列外貌形象。他们眼中看到的是,蚂蚁的内部构造,肌肉群,神经模网等等。还会通过空间想象,思维组合,脑信息筛选,看见它可能吃的东西,吃的动作,食物怎么样从口中运动到内部等等。这个蚂蚁被怎么样卵化,构成由蛋白质、水等等。其实不是真的眼睛突然看到了,只是在他们眼睛在传达给大脑的形象的同时,大脑会出现资料整理,在已有的资料认识基础上进行分析,如果没有已知的资料,会立刻出现多种空间思维运作,在无数的自我认知中找出其认为正确的形象进行填充。所以往往他们会去思考一些简单的真理,为什么是正确的!为什么“我”不叫 “你;为什么1+2就必须等于3;为什么外星生物的组成必须和地球生物的构成元素一样;为什么人的基因只比香蕉多一组,香蕉为什么不是人,人不是香蕉(导致诱发病症,复杂性思考疾病)对于一个普通人来说,这种突如其来的庞大问题结构,随时随地的自我意识出现的细致思考和观察,这种全方位的开放式信息处理是完全没有办法接受和理解的,一个人不管接触到什么东西都会牵连无数,思考无数,这是件多么可怕痛苦的事情!所以有很多Low Latent Inhibition患者心理、生理根本无法负担这种承重,严重的超常规负荷直接导致患者精神分裂,完全崩溃的不在少数,大多最后成为精神病患者
3、这种病症不是完全不能康复的,必须经过药物和心理治疗,使其达到一种内心的自我开放和接受,让他们真正解脱出来,完全治好的几率不大高,大部分治疗还是靠病者自己一些较为坚韧的患者(高智商,意志坚定者)他们大多在计算、创造、逻辑思维能力上比常人强悍很多,但是他们会失去一些正常思考、正常生活的平衡性。(通常在某一方面的创造成就者都是低水平潜意识压抑者,常人的潜意识压抑能力是他们的七倍)这样就会直接导致他失去生活乐趣!应该害怕和惊奇的时候,完全没有这方面的流露;看一些悬疑电影,刚开头就知道了结尾;从一个人的外貌、语言和动作就能彻底分析到对方的精确性格、生活、习性等等;(这些信息分析的处理是他们潜在形成的,也就是说完全自动化,正常人则完全没有“自动化”这种负担)......观察分析能力是常人无法想象,据说爱因斯坦、牛顿、达芬奇等等就是这种病症的患者!当然也有希特勒这种等等
4、共性他们并不是常人理解的那样怪异,他们表现的自己和常人无异,但是内心是极度脆弱的。很多人认为他们,包括患者本身都以为不需要感情这个东西,然而他们的感情却是相当细腻,能感受到别人不能感受到的东西。他们的一切内心表达都是自己的一个反面,他们不会像常人那样去正常流露,也许是自我意识的保护使其不能接受太多感情的东西,但是他们自己却明确知道这种表达是错误的,又体现了患者的矛盾思想。就像一直在生活中和人群中演戏,成功演出自己认为最强大的一面,直到自己完全崩溃为止!他们就像一根随时可能断掉的线,只是患者自身情况不同,粗细韧性不同。
1无数的幼稚问题,小事物的接触让你失眠
2经常恍惚状态,吃药时候都是看见一系列化学方程式,或是无数物质细小颗粒粉末的构成
3完全没有人彻底了解你,从来表现给别人的都是自我营造的其他角色(自闭和多重人格)
4经常感觉脑袋快要爆炸了,思维相当混乱,无数图象,数字等等搀杂其中
5常常会把很多责任往自己身上拉,想改变世界上的一切不公平和丑恶
6现在打字的时候看见的是键盘下面的连接线,线外面的绝缘材料,一块块的塑料的模件...看见自己打字的手指,出现上面的细胞、毛孔,下面是肌肉、血管和神经线还在慢慢蠕动,骨头...
7从来没有一个异性进入过自己的心,就算别人主动喜欢自己,都会有一种排斥情绪
8接触的人、事物让自己第一感觉就是相当幼稚,然后又发现自己的幼稚
如果你满足了上面6条说明你有可能得了Low Latent Inhibition
On Prison Break , the protagonist Michael Scofield goes to extreme lengths to break his innocent brother out of prison. Michael comes up with an intricate escape plan with the most minute details included, leaving the viewer wondering if he might have superhuman powers. Halfway through the first season the prison doctor visits Michael’s former therapist who reveals the fact that Michael has a condition called Low Latent Inhibition.
Latent Inhibition is the unconscious capacity to ignore stimuli that experience has shown are irrelevant to its needs. Latent inhibition is an automatic response and helps to prevent information overload and ultimately to keep one’s sanity and allow the person to be successful in their environment. Most people are able to carry this out, however people with Low Latent Inhibition cannot block out unnecessary stimuli. Having low latent inhibition with a low IQ results in mental instability and low latent inhibition combined with a high IQ results in a high level of creativity and original thought, or as the therapist said about Michael, results in a genius. This is because people with LLI and a high IQ are capable of processing the extra stimuli so this condition benefits them in their creativity and ability to learn, and people with LLI and a low IQ are not able to cope with the extra stimuli and are not able to block it out so it results in mental illness. A normal person classifies an object, and then forgets about it, even though that object is much more complex and interesting than he or she thinks. The creative person, by contrast, is always open to new possibilities but if you are always open to new information, new ideas, then you have to be able to carefully edit and choose. LLI cannot really be classified as a disorder, but as a specific way of how certain individuals understand and processes stimuli. However, one of the researchers who discovered LLI warned that having a high IQ won’t automatically mean that the person is safe from mental instability, as was seen in genii who are suspected to have this condition like Isaac Newton, Van Gough and John Nash. If you have seen A Beautiful Mind, you would’ve seen how John Nash “saw†the patterns in equations and numbers just calling out to him and he came up what became the Nash Equilibrium. He also suffered from schizophrenia and mild depression with low self esteem.
Latent inhibition was discovered as a result of experiment on animals in the late 1950’s. In 2001, Dr Carson, Harvard graduate student Daniel Higgins, and Jordan Peterson of the University of Toronto studied two groups of Harvard undergraduates. The researchers rated their creativity using three types of psychological tests. One was a "divergent thinking" task, it asked the individuals to write down, in three minutes, a list of alternate uses for a common object like a brick, or to list edible things that are white. For the second challenge, creative thinkers go beyond potatoes and popcorn to "responses like paper, paste, Eucharist wafers, and underwear". The researchers also gave the groups IQ tests and measured their latent inhibition levels with a test that involved abstract audio and visual signals. The data showed that high lifetime creative achievers had significantly less latent inhibition than low creative achievers.
The psychologists also identified a third group: 25 Harvard undergraduates who were "eminent creative achievers" in a single area. To be in this group required accomplishments like having a novel, book of poetry, or musical composition published (or recorded) and sold, having a prototype invention patented and built, or having a private showing of original artwork at a recognized gallery. These proved seven times more likely to have low latent inhibition scores than high ones.
Research has shown that stress causes the release of the hormone corticosterone which lowers latent inhibition. This basically means that when an animal or human runs into problems that cause stress the resulting release of stress hormones causes the mind to shift into a state where it will examine factors in the environment that it normally ignores. This allows the organism to look for solutions to the stress-causing problem that would be ignored in normal and less stressed circumstances.
Also high levels of dopamine which is a neurotransmitter is thought to lower latent inhibition. In the frontal lobes, dopamine controls the flow of information from other areas of the brain. Dopamine disorders in this region of the brain can cause a decline in neurocognitive functions especially memory, attention and problem solving. It is also believed to provide a teaching signal to parts of the brain responsible for acquiring new behavior. Dopamine in the mesolimbic pathway increases general arousal and goal directed behaviors and decreases latent inhibition, and these three all increase the creative drive. Anti-psychotic medications act as dopamine antagonists and are used in the treatment of schizophrenia. There is no known treatment for LLI.
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