Beren的形象除了有托老自己的投射，
还有一个原型，Kullervo，是芬兰国家史诗Kalevale的角色。
托尔金是研究北欧古代语言文学的，
所以他对这个故事非常熟悉，还写了一版英文版，也出书了。
故事梗概是Kullervo全家被杀，自己也险些遇害，长大以后找仇人巫师复仇。
这个其实也是Turin的原型，Tuor也有它的一些影响。
Kullervo在故事里还有一个守护他的神犬Musti。
可能是Huan的原型。
从某种意义上说，天下文章一大抄，就看抄得妙不妙。
熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟。
托尔金和后来意大利的Umberto Eco就属于这种读了特别多书，特别是古代故事，
然后激发自己写出非常丰满而有深度的幻想作品的大师。

北欧文化元素这些年在全球十分流行，
从装修家具，到音乐，到游戏圈的天际和最近蹭热点的刺客信条英灵殿。
可能因为北欧文创产业发达而且北方苦寒之地人群的休闲消费习惯好。

英国在文化上和北欧有着非常密切的联系。
斯堪的纳维亚的英雄贝奥武夫的英勇事迹，
是迄今为止发现的英国盎格鲁—撒克逊时期
最古老、最长的一部较完整的文学作品，
也是欧洲最早的方言史诗，完成于公元八世纪左右。
托尔金对这个古文献的研究水平业界一流的，
这也是他在大学教英国文学的重要授课内容。
死后小托整理他的教案出过一本贝奥武夫的书。

扯远了，这篇就此打住吧。

附：
1、豆瓣上托尔金的Kullervo这本书的介绍是这样写的
The world first publication of a previously unknown work of fantasy by J.R.R. Tolkien, which tells the powerful story of a doomed young man who is sold into slavery and who swears revenge on the magician who killed his father. Kullervo son of Kalervo is perhaps the darkest and most tragic of all J.R.R. Tolkien's characters. 'Hapless Kullervo', as Tolkien called him, is a luckless orphan boy with supernatural powers and a tragic destiny. Brought up in the homestead of the dark magician Untamo, who killed his father, kidnapped his mother, and who tries three times to kill him when still a boy, Kullervo is alone save for the love of his twin sister, Wanona, and guarded by the magical powers of the black dog, Musti. When Kullervo is sold into slavery he swears revenge on the magician, but he will learn that even at the point of vengeance there is no escape from the cruellest of fates. Tolkien himself said that The Story of Kullervo was 'the germ of my attempt to write legends of my own', and was 'a major matter in the legends of the Frist Age'. Tolkien's Kullervo is the clear ancestor of Turin Turambar, tragic incestuous hero of The Silmarillion. In addition to it being a powerful story in its own right, The Story of Kullervo, published here for the first time with the author's drafts, notes and lecture-essays on its source-work, the Kalevala, is a foundation stone in the structure of Tolkien's invented world.

2、网上搜到这个故事的介绍是这样的：
Kullervo is an ill-fated character in the Kalevala, the Finnish national epic compiled by Elias L?nnrot. Growing up in the aftermath of the massacre of his entire tribe, he comes to realise that the same people who had brought him up, the tribe of Untamo, were also the ones who had slain his family.
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FROM 113.246.224.*